Modelling of fire, smoke and occupants evacuation in high-rise buildings

摘要

Modelling of fire and occupant behaviour is an important issue in building design. This paper describes the integrated modelling of building energy, fire and smoke distribution and evacuation occupants of buildings underlying the principles of the SAFE (Simulation Approach to Fire Engineering) project. In its core, SAFE solves the time varying one-dimensional partial differential equations of continuity, state of gas, momentum, energy, concentration and solid conduction with the time dependent convective and radiative heat transfer coefficients. Parallel to this, it also calculates the movement and health conditions of the occupants in response to the development of fire and smoke. The solution can be applied to multi-storey or high-rise buildings of any geometrical scale and shape. The theoretical basis is described and some of the simulation results are demonstrated.