Risers are the physical link between the seabed and the topside of offshore installations, for production, gas lift or water injection purpose. They can be either rigid or flexible, but overall, they are critical components of this type of installations. As the offshore exploration and production were developing deeper fields, flexible risers became the key to "floating" offshore facilities, like Floating Production, Storage and Offloading installations (FPSO), as they can comply with movements of these types of surface support without undergoing excessive stress. Consequently, the number of flexible risers in operation has tremendously increased in the recent years.
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