Remote detection of radioactive contamination in the atmosphere based on secondary optical and microwave radiation of atmospheric components

摘要

The paper analyzes secondary phenomena of atmospheric radioactive pollution caused by activity of the nuclear cycle enterprises. These effects being as indicators for remote diagnostics of a radio-activity are discussed. Excitation of a molecular and gas component in the air and various chemical reactions under the action of radiation have been considered. As a result of these reactions, new aerosol and gaseous components in the form of the excited atoms and ions appear in the atmosphere and relax with emission including microwave and optical wavelengths. The observable luminescence of the air during the emergency events at the nuclea power stations are long enough to be dedected by modern receivers. Intensity of such radiation in a radioactive plume is estimated for ecological monitoring of the atmosphere. Aerosols appearing, as a result of UF$-6$/ hydrolysis, in the atmosphere and their behavior have been also shown to be detectable with remote sensing.