The importance of marine industry markets to national economies

机译：海洋产业市场对国家经济的重要性

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There have been few attempts to measure the markets for marine industries and their economic importance to nations. One of the problems is that of definition - what precisely constitutes a marine industry? The authors hope that their segmentation of the markets may be of use to researchers in other countries. This paper presents a case study, being the results of research carried out by the authors on the UK economy in 1996 using 1994 statistics. This shows that although the marine industries are not independent of each other, the summed total of turnovers are of the order of #46 billion (US$74bn). Jobs created, both direct and indirect are calculated at 782,000 (or 3.6% of total UK employment). The value added to the economy is estimated at #27.5 billion (US$44bn), that is 4.7% of UK GDP. Identified exports exceed #12 billion (US$19bn) which equates to 9% of UK exports. Five markets account for 94% of the summed turnover of the UK marine Industries. These are oil and gas, leisure, shipping, defence, fish, insurance, submarine telecoms. Marine related activity of government departments totals some #6.1 billion (US$9.8bn), that is 13% of the above, and generates over 83,000 jobs. The GDP of the UK marine industries are 68% greater than the electricity, gas and water supply industries (#15.4 bn) 55% greater than the manufacture of food and beverages (GDP #16.7 bn) nearly twice that of the financial companies and institutions (GDP #13.2 bn).

机译：有很少的尝试衡量海洋产业的市场及其对国家的经济意义。其中一个问题是定义 - 什么准确构成了海洋工业？作者希望他们对市场的分割可能对其他国家的研究人员有用。本文提出了一个案例研究，是1996年英国经济的作者在1996年使用1994年统计研究的研究结果。这表明虽然海洋产业彼此不合适，但总共的出境总额为460亿美元（740亿美元）。创建的乔布斯，直接和间接都按782,000（占英国总雇佣总额的3.6％）计算。加入经济的价值估计为275亿美元（440亿美元），即英国GDP的4.7％。确定的出口超过120亿（190亿美元），相当于英国出口的9％。五个市场占英国海洋工业总统营业额的94％。这些是石油和天然气，休闲，运输，防御，鱼类，保险，潜艇电信。政府部门的海洋相关活动总计有些＃61亿美元（9.8亿美元），这是上述13％，并产生超过83,000件工作岗位。英国海洋工业的GDP比电力，天然气和供水行业（＃15.4 BN）大于食品和饮料的制造（GDP＃16.7 BN）的电力，天然气和供水行业（GDP＃16.7 BN）近两倍于金融公司和机构的两倍（GDP＃13.2 BN）。

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《MTS/IEEE Conference Proceedings》|1997年||共11页
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Westwood J.; Young H.; Institute of Electric and Electronic Engineer;
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中图分类自动化技术、计算机技术;
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The importance of marine industry markets to national economies

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