Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD) is the key to the economic exploitation of over 40 billion barrels (6.35 x 10~9 m~3) of bitumen from the McMurray formation. The SAGD technology has been proven in two stages of piloting and is ready for commercial application. Engineering and economic studies indicate that the SAGD technology can be applied at a unit cost that is substantially below the market price for bitumen which has been at an average of ten dollars per barrel at the field gate over the last rew years.
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