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Applicability of combined GPR and Gradiometer to detect buried shallow targets for near-surface investigations

机译:探地雷达和梯度仪联合探测浅埋目标的适用性

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Applications of geophysical tools have always been an integral practice in near-surface characterization. We present an effective combination of ground penetrating radar (GPR) and magnetic gradiometry to detect buried objects within ~1m of the surface. These objects are comprised of both metallic and non-metallic materials, representing a range of different sizes and shapes. To detect these features, we conducted 3D GPR and gradiometer surveys over an area of 40m-by-50m with 2m and 1m grid spacing respectively. Overall, the datasets represent high signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio, although the gradiometer data were relatively noisier than the GPR at the southwestern part of the survey around the fence. Results show that the models derived from GPR and gradiometer were able to detect most of the features independently. However, when both methods are combined, we were able to identify all the targets, especially the coil of copper wire (target no. 14), which showed no indication in the GPR survey but was readily detectable with the gradiometer. With GPR, all the detectable objects represent an increase in dielectric constant with respect to the background. On the other hand, magnetic field gradient measured by the gradiometer represents both positive and negative magnetic field strengths. This is probably due to the metallic vs non-metallic nature of the objects with respect to the host material in the area. The metal well caps located at the surface were detected in both the surveys, which essentially were used as means to validate the models.
机译:在近地表表征中,地球物理工具的应用一直是不可或缺的实践。我们提出了一种将探地雷达(GPR)和磁梯度法有效地结合起来探测地表~1m范围内的埋藏物的方法。这些物体由金属和非金属材料组成,代表着一系列不同的大小和形状。为了检测这些特征,我们在40米×50米的区域内进行了3D探地雷达和梯度仪测量,网格间距分别为2米和1米。总体而言,这些数据集代表了高信噪比(S/N),尽管梯度仪数据比围栏周围调查西南部的探地雷达噪声相对更大。结果表明,基于探地雷达和梯度仪的模型能够独立地检测出大部分特征。然而,当这两种方法结合使用时,我们能够识别所有目标,尤其是铜线线圈(目标14),它在探地雷达调查中没有显示任何迹象,但很容易用梯度仪检测到。有了探地雷达,所有可探测的物体相对于背景的介电常数都会增加。另一方面,梯度仪测量的磁场梯度代表正磁场强度和负磁场强度。这可能是由于物体相对于该区域主体材料的金属与非金属性质所致。在两次调查中都检测到了位于地表的金属井盖,这些井盖基本上被用作验证模型的手段。

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