APPLICATION OF REMOTE SENSING FOR IDENTIFICATION, MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT OF SELECTED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS CAUSED BY UNDERGROUND MINING IN OSTRAVA-KARVINA COAL BASIN (CZECH REPUBLIC)

摘要

There are several methods of Remote Sensing used for land changes monitoring. Karvina District (Czech Republic) in which the part of the Ostrava-Karvina coal basin is situated, is heavily influenced by underground coal mining. These changes have a negative effect on the Karvina District development and together with other geofactors cause problems in foundation engineering. As a result of mining the depressions in the surface are being formed there and then flooded with water. That is why it is necessary to use remote sensing methods for negative influence of underground mining (subsidence, landslides, flooding, etc.) identification, monitoring and assessment. It is particularly topical problem to evaluate temporal changes in the landscape, where intensive underground mining of coal is used. Early detection of such areas and monitoring of their parameters changes and prediction of their future development can be facilitated using the aerial photographs, images obtained by laser scanning or radar images processed by interferometric techniques. Especially satellite radar interferometry has currently the highest potential for systematic monitoring of these changes thanks to high temporal and spatial resolution of satellite radar images and sensitivity for changes detection of interferometric techniques. We present our approach to derive desired information mainly via methods of digital data extraction (image interpretation and digital processing) and demonstrate its practical outcomes in selected locations within Karvina District.