The engineering behavior and formation mechanism of Sanya Holocene marine clay were investigated, and appropriate measures to solve relevant engineering problems were analyzed based on several experimental studies: field geological investigation and laboratory soil tests of physical and mechanical properties, full-dispersion particle size analysis, clay mineral x-ray diffraction test and chemical analysis of the pore fluid. The macroscopic characteristics, grain size distribution, mineral composition and the nature of the pore fluid of the Sanya Holocene marine clay were analyzed. A comparison of the research results of soft soils in different areas reveals the mechanical behavior of the Mid-late Holocene Sanya soft marine clay and relevant mechanisms, which indicate that the cohesion is higher than that of common marine clay and the internal friction angle is lower. Specifically, there are two main findings. Firstly, the content of effective montmorillonite is lower in Sanya soft clay than that in Erhai soft clay but higher than that in Haikou soft clay. More montmorillonite leads to higher cohesion. Secondly, the structure of the Sanya marine clay is more stable than that of the common marine clay but less stable than the lacustrine clay of the plateau fresh-water lake. However, the Sanya soft clay becomes more sensitive with lower strength and higher compressibility if leached by fresh water.
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