FLOCCULATION EFFECTIVENESS ON THE QUALITY OF WASTE WATERS OF THE NOV! SAD OIL REFINERY

摘要

The advance of technology leads to an evergrowing advance of society, and as an effect as the egradation of the environment. Consequently, more attention is paid to its reservation. Water, air and soil pollution are progressively increasing. The main roblems concerning the environment include: irrational use of the resources (soil, water, nergy, etc.), the increase of traffic-related problems, pollution of soil, air and water and he risks of natural and industrial catastrophes, destruction of natural and cultural goods, tc. One of the polluters is industry. In order to protect natural watercourses from ontaminant pollution it is necessary to purify waste waters that flow into them. n concordance with the Rulebook on Waste Water Testing Methods it was determinedthat quality of waste waters has to be tested for every outflow before waste water flows nto the certain recipient.In the oil industry waste water is polluted with oil and its derivatives, and as such have to e purified before being emptied into recipients. In contact with water oil forms into mulsions, preventing the penetration of light and oxygen into depths and endangering its ildlife.Although significant amounts of easily evaporative fractions evaporate from the water urface (25%), and others are photochemically degraded, there is a large quantity of eavy undegradeable fractions left on the surface. For this reason a lot of attention is paid to purification of waste waters polluted with oil derivatives. n order to achieve appropriate purification efficiency it is necessary to mind the quantity f the flocculant used.Coagulation and flocculation processes are of big importance in waste water urification. flocculant added to waste water is usually a substance with oppositely chargedparticles.Floccules appear when opposite charges interact, then in following phases of purification rocess they sediment and separate from the waste water, thus improving its quality ignificantly.The main goal of this research is to test different efficiency of flocculants by changing ertain parameters such as pH and flocculant concentration. Based on the variety of tests we have determined the optimal quantity of polyelectrolytes hat needs to be added in the process of the chemical treatment of waste water. ased on experimental measurings performed, several conclusions were made. Having n mind the data established from Jar tests that varied pH values, a conclusion can be rawn on the efficiency of flocculation depending on pH.