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Verification of Multiplayer Stochastic Games via Abstract Dependency Graphs

机译:通过抽象依赖图验证多人随机游戏

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We design and implement an efficient model checking algorithm for alternating-time temporal logic (ATL) on turn-based multi-player stochastic games with weighted transitions. This logic allows us to query about the existence of multiplayer strategies that aim to maximize the probability of game runs satisfying resource-bounded next and until logical operators, while requiring that the accumulated weight along the successful runs does not exceed a given upper bound. Our method relies on a recently introduced formalism of abstract dependency graphs (ADG) and we provide an efficient reduction of our model checking problem to finding the minimum fixed-point assignment on an ADG over the domain of unit intervals extended with certain-zero optimization. As the fixed-point computation on ADGs is performed in an on-the-fly manner without the need of a priori generating the whole graph, we achieve a performance that is comparable with state-of-the-art model checker PRISM-games for finding the exact solutions and sometimes an order of magnitude faster for queries that ask about approximate probability bounds. We document this on a series of scalable experiments from the PRISM-games benchmark that we annotate with weight information.
机译:我们在基于转向的多人播放器随机游戏中设计和实现了一种有效的模型检查算法,其具有加权转换的基于转向的多人播放器随机游戏。此逻辑允许我们查询旨在最大化满足资源有限的游戏运行概率的多人游戏策略的存在,同时要求沿成功运行的累积权重不超过给定的上限。我们的方法依赖于最近引入的抽象依赖图(ADG)的形式主义,我们提供了模型检查问题的高效减少,以在单位间隔域中找到ADG上的最小定点分配,以确定为零的优化。由于ADG上的定点计算以在飞行的方式上执行而不需要先验的整个图形,我们实现了与最先进的模型检查器棱镜游戏相当的性能查找确切的解决方案,有时询问关于近似概率界限的查询速度更快。我们将此从棱镜游戏基准测试中记录了一系列可扩展的实验,我们用重量信息注释。

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