Theory of parallel computation is still a widely unanswered field of research. The lack of truly parallel data structures (such as quantum computing may provide one day) still prevents us from obtaining a unified framework for the design of parallel algorithms, and the design of parallel algorithms remains a case-by-case challenge. As the complexity-related questions have been progressively (and regrettably) abandoned, theoretical research in parallel computing focuses today on two main areas: the classical design of parallel algorithms for specific problems; and very recently, modeling, understanding and formalizing how entities/structures/networks interact in parallel in order to design better parallel algorithms.
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