Cytogenetic studies of cytoplasmatic male sterility in rapeseed

摘要

The focus of current rapeseed breeding programs is the creation of hybrids. That implies finding new sources of CMS and their transfer to genotypes that have the genes for other agronomically important traits. Different types of CMS were used in this study and they were transferred to inbred lines by backcrossing. CMS traits were analysed by evaluating the phase of stamens -anthers development, presence of pollen in anthers, pollen viability and analysis of meiosis - microsporogenesis. Anthers were frequently poorly developed and without pollen in male sterile flowers. Meiosis was regular (pachyten, diakinesis, metaphase I,anaphase Ⅰ, anaphase Ⅱ, telophase Ⅱ). The difference in CMS types can be made by the phase in which microsporogenesis is interrupted. Most often, the interruption happened after the phase of tetrads. Microspores were found in some cases and even pollen grains, but they were deformed and sterile.