Heterosis for seed yield and yield contributing traits in mustard (B. juncea L. Czern Coss)

摘要

Mustard (B. juncea L.) is the second most important edib1e oil yielding crop in India after groundnut. The present study was carried out to estimate the extent of heterosis for seed yield and yield contributing traits in 28 F1 hybrids of mustard obtained by 8×8 diallel crosses excluding reciprocals. Means over plants and replications were worked out for yield and yield contributing traits and heterosis over better parent (heterobeltiosis) and over check variety, Pusabold (economic heterosis) was analyzed. Out of 28 crosses, 14 showed highly significant economic heterosis for seed yield viz, Laxmi×BR-40 (90.48 %), Laxmi×Pusabold (71.43%), Pusabold×CM-3 (54.76 %), Laxmi×Varuna (54.76 %), BIO-902×CM-3 (54.76 %), RH-30×BIO-902 (54.76 %), BR-40×CM-3 (38.9 %), Pusabold×BR-40 (30.95 %), SEJ-2×Varuna (30.95 %), RH-30×CM-3 (30.95%), RH-30× Varuna (30.95 %), RH-30× Pusabold (26.19 %), BIO-902×Varuna (23.81%), SEJ-2×BR-40 (23.81%). The economic heterosis for seed yield ranged from - 35.71% for BIO-902×SEJ-2 to 90.48 % for Laxmi×BR-40. In general, crosses showed significant heterobeltiosis were also showing significant economic heterosis and per se performance for seed yield. The result indicated that gain in seed yield was mainly due to increased siliquae.