Studies on rapeseed germplasm enhancement by use of cruciferous weed Rorippa indica

摘要

Cruciferous weed Rorippa indica has trait of excellent tolerance to soil wateriness and has trait with very short beak or without silique beak. To transfer traits of R.indica to B. napus, we used protoplast fusion and intergeneric hybridization technique for rapeseed germplasm enhancement. Using PEG-DMSO protoplast fusion approach and culturing with B5 liquid medium,somatic fusion hybrids between B. napus and R.indica were obtained. The somatic hybrids were morphologically intermediate types between B. napus and R. indica, could seed. Three-way intergeneric hybridizations, (B. napus×Orychopragmus violaceus)F1×R.indica, were successfully carried out by appropriate embryo rescue approach. Plants morphologically similar to that of R.indica, B. napus, O. violaceus, B. campestris, B. juncea, were observed in F2 generation of the three-way cross, showing crazy segregations. In the population of 890 F2 individuals, 20.9% was with short-beak less than 5mm. Morphological and cytogenetic identification showed that plants obtained by both ways were new rapeseed germplasm derived from R.indica.