Histological and Immunohistochemical Study of Biopsies Sampled after Sinus Floor Augmentation Using Tricalcium Phosphate Particles with Varying Porosity

摘要

Among the various techniques to reconstruct or enlarge a deficient alveolar ridge, augmentation of the maxillary sinus floor with autogenous bone grafts has become a well-established pre-implantology procedure for alveolar ridge augmentation of the posterior maxilla. Using synthetic biodegradable bone substitutes, however, is advantageous, since it avoids second-site surgery for autograft harvesting. In recent years, the use of tricalcium phosphate (TCP) particles as alloplastic bone graft materials for sinus floor elevation procedures has received increasing attention in implant dentistry. More, recently, the use of TCP particles with increased porosity has been promoted in order to increase the biodegradability. Ideally, a bone substitute material should resorb rapidly, but still stimulate osteogenesis at the same time. In the current study the effect of two particulate TCP graft materials on bone regeneration and expression of osteogenic markers was evaluated in biopsies sampled 6 months after augmentation of the sinus floor. This was in addition to examining the biodegradability.