AN END USER'S GUIDE TO PUMP VIBRATION

摘要

Plant O&M personnel recognize that excessive vibration can damage equipment, and enforce maximum vibration standards which they insist be applied during machinery commissioning as well as during the machine's later use in the production process. Plant maintenance personnel, OEM service personnel, and third party machinery diagnostic consultants also make use of vibration, whether excessive or not, as a tell-tale concerning whether the machine is operating properly, and how much operational time can be anticipated before some sort of repair will be required. This paper will discuss how vibration leads to failure in pumps and their drivers, and how specific vibration levets at key frequencies relate to deterioration rates within the pump. Attendees will learn how to read and interpret a vibration spectrum and other plots such as time-traces and orbits. Acceptable limits of vibration at lx running speed, 2x, vane pass, gear mesh, bearing ball pass, and impeller vane pass frequencies will be described based on experience as well as the internal construction and physics of centrifugal pumps. The best instrumentation or combinations of instrumentation to diagnose common problems will be discussed. The use of impact "bump" tests and their mode shapes, as well as Operating Deflection Shapes (ODS) will be shown by example. The author will provide strategies and straight-forward approaches for "prognosis, i.e. determining remaining useful life of a pump by proper interpretation of available vibration information together with a basic knowledge of pump components. A variety of interesting case histories and representative problems/ solutions will be presented, from pumping applications in refineries, power plants, chemical plants, and water/ wastewater facilities.