THE ROUGHNESS PARAMETER SNOW AND SEA ICE IN DIFFERENT CONDITIONS

摘要

The coefficient of aerodynamic drag of the underlying surface and the related roughness parameter z_0 are the most important aerodynamic surface characteristics, which are needed in calculating the drift of ice fields, in forecasting the ice conditions, and in calculating the ice pressure on vessels and shore constructions. The drag of an ice surface depends on the state of its snow cover, on the presence of drifting snow and snowfalls, and on the near-surface stratification. Therefore, both the drag coefficient and the arctic ice roughness parameter prove to vary in time and in space according to the meteorological characteristics. The results of roughness parameter calculation above different type of surface are discussed. The special attention is given to cases of ice breaks presence, local changes of its structure.