INVESTIGATION OF ICE LIMITS TO ICE GOUGING

摘要

This paper describes work that was initiated in 2001 as a Joint Industry Project, to address the issue of how ice processes may limit ice gouge depths and to develop an alternative approach to predicting design burial depths for pipelines in ice regions. An Ice Gouging Model was developed which enables maximum gouge depths to be determined for a range of soil and ice parameters. The analyses were divided into two categories, depending on whether the keel was assumed to fail by horizontal shear, or locally at the ice-soil interface. Local failure of the ridge keel is more likely than by horizontal shear plane. The model was run deterministically and probabilistically. The deterministic runs showed that the maximum gouge depth was most sensitive to the ice keel strength, the keel angle, and the soil strength. Exercising the model in a probabilistic mode enables ice gouge statistics to be simulated for regions where no ice gouge surveys have been conducted and/or where it is suspected that wave action eliminates the ice gouge record.