Although all-optical transport may be the ideal, some OEO conversions will likely be necessary to control signal impairments. The placement of OEO conversions in optical networks affects critical design targets such as degree of transparency, cost, and robustness vis-a-vis demand forecast uncertainties. We explore two different impairment-aware OEO placement paradigms, Focused Design and Uniform Design, that may address these targets under different equipment cost and functionality assumptions. We also show the importance of routing calls in an impairment-aware manner to obtain the best network call-carrying capacity. We describe the algorithms we devised to address these issues, and we present simulated case studies based on realistic example networks.
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