The disk is with ultrasonic excitation in the radial direction. Laser-machined cutting edges are aligned to have a sinusoidal phase shift corresponding to successive grit point spacing. The sinusoidal phase shift is designed and calculated so that single cutting edge has the depth of cut below critical depth of cut and intermittent cutting is attained. As a result, single cutting realize shear-mode step-wise removal of brittle materials, tool depth of cut is several hundred times of critical depth of cut, that is proportional to the numbers of cutting edges. At the same time, intermittent cutting is expected to enable shorter edge contact period with materials and eventually minimize cutting edge wear.
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