For image registration to be applicable in a clinical setting, it is important to know the degree of uncertainty in the returned point-correspondences. In this paper, we propose a data-driven method that allows one to visualize and quantify the registration uncertainty through spatially adaptive confidence regions. The method applies to various parametric deformation models and to any choice of the similarity criterion. We adopt the B-spline model and the negative sum of squared differences for concreteness. At the heart of the proposed method is a novel shrinkage-based estimate of the distribution on deformation parameters. We present some empirical evaluations of the method in 2-D using images of the lung and liver, and the method generalizes to 3-D.
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