COMBUSTION FUNDAMENTALS AND CONCEPTS OF ADVANCED BURNER TECHNOLOGY

摘要

Traditional tasks and functions of burners installed in technical combustion systems are to supply fuel and air to the combustor, to atomise liquid fuel thus generating fuel sprays, to provide adequate fuel/air mixing and, resulting from this, to guarantee ignition stability, suitable geometrical flame shape and satisfactory burn-out. This must be achieved in most cases over a certain range of operational parameters, mainly of thermal power and air/fuel stoichiometry of the flame. During the last two decades, however, low emission demands with regard to CO, HC, soot and especially nitrogen oxide (NO, NO_2, N_2O) concentrations have gained great importance or even priority in developing and assessing the concept and the design of burners and combustion equipment. Beyond that, the development of tailored burners for particular high-temperature furnace and engine combustor systems has resulted in a broad diversification of burner operation characteristics and performance. This paper describes some characteristic examples and explains their features, advantages and limiting factors.