The Causes and Control of Fouling in Hydrodesulfurization Units A Tutorial

摘要

Fouling in hydrodesulfurization units (HDS) is a common refinery problem that can have significant detrimental impact on overall plant operations and profitability. Virtually all types of hydrotreaters can experience fouling, from those processing naphthas to those processing gas oils and heavier fluids. The consequences of fouling can include increased energy consumption, reduced throughput, and pre-mature shut down. As the importance of HDS units increases, refiners are searching for all possible means to extend run lengths at full charge rate, and fouling control has become extremely important. HDS fouling deposits interfere with consistent and reliable operations and can occur in several locations. The causes and possible solutions to fouling in each of the HDS locations are discussed. Solutions range from operational changes, to mechanical alterations, and continuous chemical treatment. The financial impact of improved hydrotreater operations can be significant. Several case histories illustrate the concepts presented.