Radiation Measurements:Experience and Future Activities

摘要

Numerous measurements of the composition of the radiation field inside and outside of spacecrats in low earth orbits are performed during last years.Dose rates,particle fluences and energy deposit (LET) spectra were determined in dependence of altitude,inclination and solar cycle.Variations of fluence and dose rates up to a factor of two were observed insdie STS and MIR missions.Based on the measurements does equivalents were determined which range for International Space Station (ISS) orbits from 576 to 767 muSvd~(-1).The dependence of dose and fluence rate mesurements for the primary components from mission parameters is quite well understood,whereas this dependence could not be shown for measurments of the secondary components.Only limited measurements on the depth dose distribution in the human body exists.Major future activities are therefore the improvement of existing devices,the development of new devices especially for the measurement of the neutron component,environmental and personnel measurements in the new station and depth dose measurements in realistic human phantoms.