3D WEAVING: WHAT, HOW, AND WHERE

摘要

There have been many publications on "3D Weaving", and there are numerous patents on a variety of devices that may be used to make a "3D Woven" structure. The majority of the 3D woven products that are currently commercially available are formed by a 2D weaving process that is used to build up a preform with fibers oriented in three dimensions. These distinctions about what constitutes true 3D Weaving will be detailed in this paper. Another set of problems is related to the analysis and design of 3D woven composites and their structural elements. Indeed, thick spatially reinforced textile preforms and their composites inevitably require three-dimensional structural analysis tools and innovative design concepts. The customary structural analysis methodologies of thin laminated composite plates and shells are obviously inadequate. The effects which are commonly treated as "secondary" and, thus, negligible (e.g. transverse normal strains and stresses) may appear as the major causes of damage and failure in the case of thick 3D woven composites. Particularly, such important phenomena as impact damage and failure are totally different than in laminated composites. Several current and potential applications of 3D woven composites are also described.