Industry Energy Futures: Challenges and Opportunities for the U.S. Industrial Sector in a Carbon-Constrained Future

摘要

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) is assessing strategies to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and to reduce anthropogenic CO2 emissions. Analysis reveals that it will be necessary for industry to address more than energy intensity alone; for example, reductions in the carbon intensity of materials, use of low/no carbon feedstocks, the efficient use of materials, and the development of new materials and processes will be required. Since the U.S. industrial base is diverse, from extractive operations like mining to energy intensive subsectors including chemicals, refining, pulp & paper, iron & steel, glass and cement, substantive reductions in the industrial sector will be particularly difficult. This paper will outline the changes necessary to achieve future CO2 emissions reduction targets, and will present a strategy and vision for industry to achieve those targets within the context of a revitalized manufacturing sector.