Some phenomena on the effect of the hydrodynamic interaction in a group of circular cylinders on flow pattern around cylinders have been demonstrated by flow visualization: (1) Adjusting the spacing between adjacent cylinders and the separation between rows provide a serious influence on the conversion between symmetric and antisymmetric flow patterns, and also on the drag coefficient and the heat-transfer rate of those cylinders. (2) Since the grouping effect often occurs in company with a high drag coefficient and low heat-transfer rate, the synchronous oscillation in the flowfield between double rows of circular cylinders could effectively prevent these effects and produce a highly turbulent flow behind the upstream row of cyliders with lower drag coefficient and higher heat transfer rate.
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