A flexible method for including environmental toxicity in DFE andLCA

摘要

The proposed toxic equivalency potential for SETAC Life-CycleAssessment (LCA) relies on a data-intensive environmental fate andtransport model, the fugacity model, and has rarely been applied. A casestudy of generic manufacturing processes showed that the toxicequivalency potential is applicable only for well-studied organicchemicals. This paper extends the applicability of toxic equivalency andintroduces flexibility through allowing for other environmental pathwaymodels. The evaluation utilizes a set of available information,including empirical data, environmental fate and transport models, andchemical similarity. A number of standard emissions streams from theelectronics industry are compared and evaluated, using data from SanFrancisco Bay pollution studies, the CalTox model, and the EPA's CFCphaseout program