European LV microgrid benchmark network: Development and frequency response analysis

摘要

In this study, an unbalanced and practical European low-voltage micro-grid benchmark system is modelled and proposed for the sake of power system frequency studies. The model is adapted from Cigre Benchmark model to integrate Distributed Energy Resources (DERs). As the benchmark system is obtained from the real network, it will enable industrial and academic researchers to do a wide range of sensitivity analyses and design a flexible microgrid for future power system studies. The suitable dynamic modellings of two gas turbines, two battery units, two wind turbines and four photovoltaic panels are selected and appended into the proposed microgrid system. Moreover, the system contains customer loads which are divided into residential and commercial demands. The photovoltaic (PV) units have a total power of 210 kVA. Two wind turbines are Type 4 direct drive permanent magnet synchronous generator and nominal apparent power of each of them is 500 kVA. The batteries are respectively rated to 35 kVA and 25 kVA at 0.85 power factor (lagging). The model is stimulated using DIgSILENT Power Factory software. Time domain simulation results in terms of DERs' power outputs, frequency response and Rate of Change of Frequency (RoCoF) following a load event and under discrepant renewable energy penetration levels and inertia amounts are deployed to validate the flexibility of the test system proposed.