Background: Normal thyroid function during pregnancy is critical for fetal development. Experimental studies suggest that certain perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) may disrupt thyroid function but findings from observational studies have been inconsistent. Aim: To examine the association between maternal PFAS concentration in pregnancy with 1) maternal thyroid function in pregnancy and 2) offspring thyroid function 20 years later. Methods: In a cohort of Danish pregnant women who gave birth in 1988-89 concentrations of PFAS, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT4) were quantified in 876 women using samlpes from week 30 of gestation. TSH and FT4 concentrations were also quantified in 411 offspring 20 years later. Results: The median concentrations of PFHxS, PFOS, PFOA, PFNA and PFDA were 0.35 ng/mL, 21.5 ng/mL, 3.7 ng/mL, 0.34 ng/mL and 0.05 ng/mL, respectively. In pregnancy concentrations of PFNA were associated with around 14% higher maternal TSH concentrations (95% CI: 10%, 30%) when comparing the highest to lowest quartile of exposure (p for trend=0.04). Non-significant but positive associations were observed for the other compounds and no associations were observed with maternal FT4. Prospectively maternal concentrations of PFOA were associated with around 24% higher (95%CI: 8%, 43%) TSH concentrations in the offspring at 20 years when comparing the highest to lowest quartile of maternal PFOA exposure (p for trend = 0.01). A modest non-significant association was observed for PFOS (p for trend = 0.13). No associations were observed for the other compounds and no associations were observed with offspring FT4 concentrations. Conclusion: Except for PFNA no clear link was observed between circulating PFAS concentrations and thyroid function in pregnancy. Prospectively, there were some indications that maternal PFOA concentrations may be associated with higher offspring TSH concentrations at 20 years but replication is needed to exclude chance findings.
展开▼
机译：背景：怀孕期间甲状腺功能正常对胎儿发育至关重要。实验研究表明某些全氟烷基物质（PFAS）可能会破坏甲状腺功能，但观察性研究结果不一致。目的：研究孕产妇PFAS浓度与1）妊娠20年后孕妇甲状腺功能和2）后代甲状腺功能之间的关系。方法：在一组1988-89年出生的PFAS浓度高的丹麦孕妇中，从妊娠第30周开始使用samlpes对876名妇女中的甲状腺刺激激素（TSH）和游离甲状腺素（FT4）进行了定量。在20年后的411个后代中也对TSH和FT4浓度进行了定量。结果：PFHxS，PFOS，PFOA，PFNA和PFDA的中位数浓度分别为0.35 ng / mL，21.5 ng / mL，3.7 ng / mL，0.34 ng / mL和0.05 ng / mL。当比较最高和最低四分位数暴露时，PFNA的浓度与孕妇的TSH浓度约高14％（95％CI：10％，30％）相关（趋势= 0.04的p）。对于其他化合物，未观察到显着的正相关，而与母体FT4则未观察到任何相关。当比较母体PFOA暴露的最高四分位数与最低四分位数时，在20年后代中，孕妇的PFOA浓度可能与后代中TSH浓度升高约24％（95％CI：8％，43％）相关（趋势p = 0.01）。观察到全氟辛烷磺酸的温和无意义关联（趋势的p = 0.13）。没有观察到其他化合物的关联，也没有观察到与后代FT4浓度的关联。结论：除PFNA外，妊娠期间循环PFAS浓度与甲状腺功能之间无明显联系。潜在地，有迹象表明，母体PFOA浓度可能与20岁时较高的后代TSH浓度相关，但需要复制以排除偶然发现。
展开▼
