OPTIMIZED PV + STORAGE SYSTEM DESIGNS FOR NODAL ELECTRICITY VALUE

摘要

Energy storage is an important mechanism for mitigating the decline in the energy and capacity value of solarphotovoltaics (PV) at high PV penetrations. [1] Previous research has explored optimal PV + storage systemdesigns as a function of storage duration, capacity, and cost [2], and as a function of the storage charging strategy(including solar-only charging or combined solar + grid charging) [3]. Additional system design flexibility can beobtained by allowing the ratio of the direct-current (DC) PV module capacity to alternating-current (AC) invertercapacity to vary, taking advantage of low module costs to increase the AC capacity factor and allow simultaneouscharging of storage and direct dispatch of AC power to the grid. A trend toward increasing PV/inverter ratios hasbeen observed for utility-scale storage-free PV arrays installed in the U.S. [4], but the impact of inverteroverloading on the revenue and optimal system design of hybrid PV + storage plants has yet to be rigorouslyexplored.