Statistical synchronization among participants in real-timemultimedia conference

摘要

In this paper, an algorithm to determine the set of packetsgenerated continuously and periodically from different participants thatare arriving at a node either for mixing at the master of a conference,or for simply playing back at a regular participant of a conference, isproposed. The essence of the algorithm is to estimate the average packetarrival time (or reference time) for each participant. With thereference time at hand, the maximum jitter and the optimum waiting timefor a mixer to wait packets from all participants can be determined. Anenhancement to improve synchronization which deals with the estimationof the time offsets between the individual periods of the sources andthe period of the receiver is also presented. The error of the proposedalgorithm is enumerated by the Chernoff bound and is shown to beacceptable in practical application