The heated boundary layer used by large migratory oceanic bird species allows them to save energy on long flights without food. The heated boundary layer is caused by the black color of the upper camber surface and the white color of the lower camber surface. This will change the air density around the bird's wing, resulting in reduced drag and an increase in lift. This paper will discuss the temperature differences between white and black wings, along with an experimental and computational study. In these studies, the thermal effects on the upper surface and trailing edge of a NACA 4415 on the aerodynamic loads have been explored.
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