BSim simulation studies on indoor air quality of the sports hall - a case study

摘要

In recent years simultaneous assurance of the required indoor air quality, high building's thermal performance and reduction of energy consumption for heating and cooling has been an important problem for architects and engineers. It is important when it comes to premises occupied by children, when the number of occupants vary. Therefore, there is a need for thermal modeling and dynamic energy simulation in both designed and modernized buildings in order to optimize indoor thermal conditions. The simulation research of indoor air quality with the use of the BSim program were carried out for the school sports hall. The analyzed room has a volume of 4 413.1 m3. The sports hall is heated by means of heaters with a total power of 32 kW and mechanically ventilated with a heat recovery efficiency at the level of 80%. Air exchange rate was assumed at the level of 1 h-1. It was found that in many cases the indoor temperature exceeded 30?C. This was due to solar heat gains through windows and internal heat gains from people. The indoor air relative humidity in the winter months was lower than the minimum permissible level of 30%. The CO2 concentrations were repeatedly exceeded (maximum values in the range 630 -1495 ppm). In order to improve the indoor air quality, a cooling device with a total power of 50 kW was introduced to the thermal model of this room. The influence of solar shading devices, building orientation and air exchange rates was determined on the quality of the indoor environment, as well as the energy balance of the sports hall. It was established that external movable shading provisions are most effective among the devices analyzed and allowed to reduce heat gains by 48% and to decrease the total energy demand by 27% yearly.