DESIGN OF CONCRETE WALL BUILDINGS FOR SEISMIC SHEAR - THE CANADIAN CODE PROVISIONS

摘要

Presents the background to Canadian Standard CSA A23.3 requirements for design of concrete wall buildings for seismic shear. Design provisions are simplified versions of general procedures that can be used to do refined calculations when needed. Design of squat walls utilizes a variable angle truss model with shear resistance of cracked concrete V_c = 0 and inclination of diagonal compression θ chosen freely. Contribution of distributed vertical reinforcement to overturning resistance depends on wall height-to-length ratio. For flexural walls, θ used to determine steel contribution V_s, depends on axial compression applied to wall, while V_c and maximum shear force to prevent diagonal crushing depend on inelastic rotation of wall. Thus, drift capacity of flexural walls may be limited by shear failure modes. CSA A23.3-2014 permits a lower-bound estimate of higher mode shear demand because analysis procedures do not account for shear ductility, maximum shear demand occurs during a single short pulse, and maximum shear force demand usually does not occur at the same time as maximum flexural demands. Shear strains of flexural walls may significantly increase interstory drifts at lower levels of a building where gravity-load columns are less flexible. CSA A23.3-2014 requires that gravity-load frames be design for the increased interstory drift demands.