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A SCALE SEPARATION METHOD FOR POLLUTANT PREDICTION IN TURBULENT FLAMES USING TRANSPORTED SCALARS WITH FLAMELET GENERATED MANIFOLD (FGM) METHOD

机译:基于火焰小流形(FGM)的运输标量预测湍流火焰的尺度分离方法

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In this work, a scale separation method has been proposed and implemented in the framework of Flamelet Generated Manifold (FGM) model. In this approach, first a list of slow evolving species like NO, N20 etc., are identified. Then, a separate transport equation for each of these species (called FGM scalars) is solved in addition to the mixture fraction and progress variable equations. The forward and reverse reaction rates of these slow forming species are computed in two-dimensional FGM flamelets and pre-tabulated as a function of progress variable, mixture fraction and their respective variances. At run time, the pre-tabulated probability density function (PDF) averaged production rates of these FGM scalars are used, while their tabulated reverse rates are modified with a linear scaling based on the ratio of tabulated values of the FGM scalar and the prevailing values of the FGM scalars from three dimensional CFD solution. This mechanism allows the reverse rates to provide continuous feedback and respond to the slow evolution of scalar. Other than the list of selected scalars, all other species and temperature are still computed as a function of the main progress variable and mixture fraction. Since, a small set of scalars can be used to track key species, this methodology remains computationally efficient. The current approach has been implemented into commercial CFD solver, ANSYS Fluent, and has been validated for two lab scale turbulent flames, the first one is Sandia Flame D, while the second one is a lifted turbulent methane flame in vitiated co-flow. In the current work, two additional FGM scalar transport equations are solved for CO and NO and comparisons have been made against the tabulated values as well as the experimental data. It has been seen that the scale separation methodology of these scalars leads ~10-15% improvements in the CO mass fraction, while it reduces the peak NO formation up to 4 times leading to better agreement with experimental data compared to tabulated values. The quality of predictions from the current method is also evaluated against finite rate chemistry-based model as well as reduced order NO model. It is found that the current model has consistent results, and is an improvement over current reduced order modeling approach.
机译:在这项工作中,提出了一种尺度分离方法,并在Flamelet生成歧管(FGM)模型的框架内实现。在这种方法中,首先要确定一系列缓慢发展的物种,例如NO,N20等。然后,除了混合分数和进度变量方程之外,还针对这些物种中的每一个求解单独的输运方程(称为FGM标量)。这些缓慢形成的物种的正向和反向反应速率是在二维FGM小火焰中计算的,并根据进展变量,混合物分数及其各自的方差预先制成表格。在运行时,使用这些FGM标量的预先列表的概率密度函数(PDF)平均生产率,而基于FGM标量的列表值与主要值的比率,使用线性比例来修改它们的列表反向率。三维CFD解决方案中的FGM标量的说明。这种机制允许反向速率提供连续的反馈并响应标量的缓慢演变。除了选定标量的列表以外,所有其他种类和温度仍将作为主要过程变量和混合分数的函数进行计算。由于可以使用少量标量来跟踪关键种类,因此该方法仍保持计算效率。当前的方法已在商用CFD解算器ANSYS Fluent中实现,并已针对两个实验室规模的湍流火焰进行了验证,第一个是Sandia Flame D,而第二个是在通风的同流中升起的甲烷湍流火焰。在当前的工作中,针对CO和NO求解了两个附加的FGM标量传输方程,并与列表值和实验数据进行了比较。可以看出,这些标量的标度分离方法可将CO质量分数提高约10-15%,而将NO的峰形成量降低多达4倍,从而与表格数据相比与实验数据更好地吻合。还基于有限速率化学模型和降序NO模型对当前方法的预测质量进行了评估。发现当前模型具有一致的结果,并且是对当前降阶建模方法的改进。

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