Modeling of Protection Relays using Generic Models in System-Wide Power System Dynamic Simulation Studies

摘要

Protection systems in modern power networks have been identified by the North American Electric Reliability Corporation as a critical reliability issue. GE PSLF is one of the most widely used power system analysis tools in the industry. This paper explains how protection systems are modeled using generic relay models for system-wide simulation and the enhancements being made in PSLF to the grid dynamic models for transmission, generation, and load protection. The impact of the protection systems during extreme contingencies and the process of cascading outages have been simulated using the Dynamic Contingency Analysis Tool. A case study is given to show the effect of protection devices on dynamic simulations. This approach can be used by planning engineers to add protection models in dynamic simulations. Undervoltage, underfrequency, overvoltage, and overfrequency relays for each generator, distance relay protection for transmission systems, and four types of load-shedding relay schemes for loads have been modeled in this case study.