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TURBULENCE MEASUREMENTS IN PIPE FLOW WITH DRAG REDUCING POLYMER ADDITIVES

机译:用减阻聚合物添加剂对管道中的湍流进行测量

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Pressure drop and instantaneous velocity fields were measured for fully developed turbulent pipe flow of water and a solution of water and long chain polymer at low concentration. Two-dimensional Particle Image Velocimetry technique - PIV, coupled with a particle tracking technique was employed to yield velocity fields with high spatial resolution. Turbulence statistics were obtained from a series of approximately 2500 instantaneous velocity fields measured for each flow configuration characterized by the turbulent Reynolds number and the polymer concentration. Tests were conducted for a turbulent Reynolds number range from Reτ≈1764 to Reτ≈3154, and for 20 wppm of Superfloc A110 polymer in water. Time-averaged, rms velocity fluctuations and turbulent shear stresses profiles were measured. Drag reductions of the order of 50% were measured. Changes in the axial and wall-normal velocity fluctuations were measured and linked to the presence of the polymer. Reynolds stresses were also shown to decrease in the buffer layer of polymer solution flows as a result of a decrease in the correlation of axial and wall normal fluctuations. A deficit of the viscous shear stress and Reynolds stresses in relation to the total stress was measured close to the wall and attributed to the polymer stresses exerted on the fluid. All the results obtained were in agreement with the available literature, which serve to validate the procedures and test section employed in the experiments.
机译:测量了水和低浓度水与长链聚合物溶液充分展开的湍流时的压降和瞬时速度场。二维粒子图像测速技术-PIV,结合粒子跟踪技术,用于产生具有高空间分辨率的速度场。湍流统计数据是从以湍流雷诺数和聚合物浓度为特征的每种流态测量的一系列大约2500个瞬时速度场中获得的。测试了雷诺数范围从Reτ≈1764到Reτ≈3154的湍流,并测试了20 wppm的Superfloc A110聚合物在水中的情况。测量了时间平均,均方根速度波动和湍流剪切应力曲线。测量了约50%的减阻。测量轴向和壁法向速度波动的变化,并将其与聚合物的存在联系起来。由于轴向和壁法向波动的相关性降低,还显示出雷诺应力在聚合物溶液流动的缓冲层中降低。相对于总应力,在壁附近测量了粘性剪切应力和雷诺应力的不足,这归因于施加在流体上的聚合物应力。所有获得的结果均与现有文献一致,这些文献可用于验证实验中使用的程序和测试部分。

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