Harmonic distortion affects the quality of control of power grid, and estimation of harmonic distortion is an important task for controlling of power systems. Harmonics are caused by nonlinear loads such as power inverters, variable speed drives, and other inductive loads. Harmonics decrease the quality of power and cause problems for power systems such as equipment damage, high loading, inaccurate metering, outages, and system losses. As the level of technology increases, more and more nonlinear devices and load are being served by power systems and its becoming increasingly important to reduce the harmonics created by these devices. There are many different techniques for mitigating harmonic components such as passive harmonic filters, multi-pulse rectifiers, active harmonic filters, and hybrid harmonic filters. However, some of these techniques require extensive analysis in order for engineers to identify the harmonic signals and design the filters to properly mitigate them. This paper will be proposing a couple of methods to analyze and estimate the harmonic components of a given signal. The algorithms will be based on principles of adaptive control and parameter estimation and they will allow for accurate signal estimation with little error. The algorithms are verified via simulations with generated sample signals and signals from a real voltage inverter. The algorithms have been proven to significantly simplify the modeling and simulation of converters. This paper aims to show that it is possible to perform analysis on harmonic distortions and identify the harmonic components of a signal. With a sample output signal, one can correctly estimate the harmonic contents of a system quickly, accurately, and with minimal prior knowledge of the system. With the harmonic estimates, one can then design the filters that will be used for mitigation.
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