GREET Model Simulations of Criteria Air Pollutant Emissions from Hybrid Electric Vehicles using Alternative Fuels

摘要

The hybrid electric vehicles using 100% ethanol have demonstrated highest whole life fuel-cycle emissions for VOC, NO_x, and SO_x compared to HEV on other fuel types including conventional gasoline. The HEV on compressed natural gas (CNG) showed the lowest whole life fuel-cycle emissions of VOC, NO_x and much lower than those emissions for HEV on conventional gasoline. HEVs using 100% methanol has the lowest SO_x emissions compared to HEVs using other fuel types. The SO_x emissions from HEVs using 100% methanol are significantly lower than corresponding emissions from HEV on conventional gasoline. The fuel economy of hybrid electric vehicle/fuel combinations was estimated 50% higher than that of a conventional gasoline internal combustion vehicle (ICV). Hybrid electric vehicles do represent an effective solution as the current best available transportation technology to address the issues of air pollution and dependency on fossil fuels.