Increasing Water Reuse_ 1. Cooling tower blowdown is a large, often untapped source of reusable water. 2. It is the lowest hanging fruit for reuse at industrial/power plants. 3. Can supplement or even completely replace all boiler water makeup 4. Pre-treatment is key to successful operation & high membrane recovery. Technologies_ 1. Ultrafiltration: provides excellent protection for downstream RO, leading to stable long term operation 2. Reverse Osmosis: can remove more than 99% of dissolved ions 3. Ion exchange: can remove hardness, demineralize, and/or provide final polishing.
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