Study on the Main Requirements of Equipment Resource-Ability Design

摘要

The resource-ability is a kind of design attributes of equipment and it is closely related with resources and environment. It can make sure that the equipment born with the ability of resources conservation and environment friendliness by implementing the resource-ability design. To ascertain the requirements is the primary task of equipment resource-ability design, and clear-cut requirements can provide effective guidance for the implementation of design. To break through the bottleneck of resource constraint is the immediate purpose of equipment resource-ability design, and it also is the overall requirement of the design. There are five qualitative requirements combed from equipment resources consumption, function and structure, environment impacts. First, be propitious to reduce the reliance of equipment on non-sustainable resources: on the one hand to reduce the non-sustainable resource usage and consumption, on the other hand to use the sustainable resource as alternative supply actively. Second, be propitious to reduce wastes and improve the resources using efficiency. Third, be propitious to update and modernize equipments, so as to fully explore the equipment potential and reduce the amount of retired equipment effectively. Fourth, be propitious to retrieve and reuse the equipment resources, so as to improve the recycling of resources. Fifth, be propitious to reduce environment harm. As an important supplement to qualitative requirements, two quantitative requirements are raised: the indexes to reflect the non-renewable resources consumption and indexes to reflect the wastes discharging. First, the non-renewable resources consumption indexes: R_s means non-renewable resources consumption of per equipment in manufacturing, retirement and scrapping; R_t means non-renewable resources consumption of per equipment in a period of time caused by the maintaining and supporting. Second, the wastes discharging indexes: emissions and recovery rate of the "three wastes" (i.e. waste gas, waste liquid and solid waste). In practice of equipment resource-ability design, it is necessary to compare the actual value of the quantitative indexes with the standard value to assess whether they have met requirements. Methods to estimate the actual value of the quantitative indexes: experts estimate, analogy method and engineering computation. To determine the standard values, the following factors should be considered: degree of resource constraint, the expected level of resource-ability, the resource-ability level of domestic and foreign similar equipment, and other tactical and technical indexes.