AVIATION SECURITY: NEXTGEN FLIGHT RISK PROFILE

摘要

This paper discusses the concept of the NextGen Flight Risk Profile (FRP), which is envisioned to provide a common operational reference model for depicting the risk assessment information, including a computed risk level, of all active flights in the FAA National Airspace System (NAS). The FRP is stipulated in the FAA's Air Domain Security Concept of Operations [1], which states that the FAA and its security partners will jointly develop the following: A pre-defined set of security risk profiles that reflect the spectrum of threats which may jeopardize the NAS in any form. A pre-determined set of potential FAA Air Traffic Organization (ATO) response options for each defined risk profile. The paper first provides a definition of the FRP. Next, a multi-layer approach for conducting flight risk assessment is presented. Flight-specific risk assessment is a function of the flight's characteristics (including pre-departure information), its observed behavior by NextGen Air Navigation Services Provider (ANSP), and its relationship to external factors (e.g., other aircraft, airports, and critical infrastructure). In addition, the flight-specific risk characteristics and trajectory need to be evaluated against the overall NAS risk level as well as the risk profiles of specific restricted airspaces. Finally, the operational use of the FRP is explored. The authors propose a notional framework for the operational use of the FRP. This paper also discusses the information sharing requirements and issues for implementing the FRP. The FRP concept requires additional research to further mature and validate its underlying premises.