An EMD-Oriented Hiding Scheme for Reversible Data Embedding in Images

摘要

In 2006, Zhang and Wang presented the Exploiting Modification Direction (EMD) method for embedding secret message. The EMD approach is a steganographic approach in which only pixel in [1, -1] is changed after a message is hidden. This investigation presents a novel reversible data hiding scheme that is based on the modulo function and histogram shifting algorithm. The message can be extracted using a critical function and the original image can be recovered without loss way by histogram shifting. The histogram in this scheme is formed by exploiting the difference between the predicted of pixels and those of their neighboring pixels. The peak point and zero point in the distribution in the histogram are found and the value between the peak point and the zero point is shifted by +/-1; then, the message is hidden at the peak point using the critical function. Experimental results reveal that the developed method has a high capacity without causing noticeable distortion. In one-level hiding, the proposed method maintains a large image quality of 50dB. Furthermore, multiple level embedding can be utilized to provide high capacity.