To achieve a polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber (PM-PCF) with ultra-high modal birefringence, three types of photonic crystal fiber geometric structure, named as 8 Large-Holes (type Ⅰ), 10 Large-Holes (type Ⅱ) and Air-Walls (type Ⅲ) structures, are simulated and compared with each other. The numeric results indicate that the birefringence of type Ⅲ is largest in the three types of structure, but the fabrication of the Air-Wall is quite difficult. The birefringence of type II is just less than that of type Ⅲ slightly; nevertheless, its fabrication process is considerably simpler than that of type Ⅲ. Therefore, type II can be chosen as a compromising approach. For the eventual design, the birefringence of the proposed PM-PCF (type Ⅱ) at λ = 1544.6 nm is up to 26.98 × 10~(-3).
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