The radiation protection system created in Tajikistan is the instrument for preventing nuclear and radiological terrorism, but parts of the radiation protection infrastructure are not developed due to socioeconomic conditions, which were affected by civil war (1992-1997), such as accounting and control of sources of ionizing radiation, physical security of sources, means for detection and analysis of orphan sources and public information which is useful and helpful to protect the nuclear and radioactive materials against theft, important equipment against sabotage, and to prevent illegal trafficking of such materials. The paper provides an overview of the current situation in Tajikistan, a discussion of the steps involved in the manufacture of nuclear weapons, and conditions conducive to the illicit trafficking of nuclear material. Other issues, including the accounting and control of radioactive material, the prevention of such trafficking and areas for improvement are also addressed.
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