Monitoring urine distribution by grazing livestock

摘要

@@Introduction Urine patches are a significant source of leaching and gaseous N losses in grazed pastures.N losses increase as urine patch load ( gN/m2 ) increases,and modelled N losses increase if urine is returned as discrete patches rather than at uniform rate across the pasture.The tools we describe will help to quantify urination frequency and urine distribution patterns within large paddocks.