USING A WEB-BASED GIS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT OF A CRUCIAL WINTER TRANSPORTATION ROUTE IN NORTHERN CANADA

摘要

A seasonal snow and ice road -the Tibbitt to Contwoyto Winter Road (TCWR) -is constructed each winter to provide a reliable transportation route to and from the operating diamond mines and various other exploration projects in northern mainland Canada. The TCWR is an approximately 600 km long route northeast of the community of Yellowknife, Northwest Territories, that supplies critical goods and materials, including fuel, cement, ammonium nitrate (prill), building materials and mining equipment, to these northern destinations each winter. The TCWR Joint Venture currently consists of BHP Billiton Diamonds Inc. and Diavik Diamond Mines Inc., and has managed the TCWR for the past eight years; before that, from 1982 to 1999, it was managed by Echo Bay Mines. Each year, the TCWR is constructed from the end of the Ingraham Trail about 70 kilometres east of Yellowknife at Tibbitt Lake, across 495 km of frozen lakes and streams and 64 land portages, to Contwoyto Lake in Nunavut. Since 2001, the Joint Venture has carried out an integrated environmental management program that includes extensive baseline inventories and a GIS-based Winter Road Environmental Management System (WREMS). WREMS includes environmental baseline mapping based on high resolution aerial imagery, LIDAR, Landsat TM, and detailed ground-based data on ecosystems, wildlife habitat and wildlife movements, aquatic resources, and heritage resources. WREMS provides a means to organize, manage, disseminate and regularly update spatial information. One of the core components of the WREMS is live, interactive mapping that provides access to the various spatial data layers available for each of the 64 terrestrial portages. Users can select layers, zoom, pan, overlay and query data. Other components of the system include a document catalogue, a searchable photo archive, and access to print-on-demand mapping and biophysical summaries for each portage. The goal of WREMS is one of continuous improvement in terms of content and performance. WREMS has been developed to serve as a portal for the Joint Venture and its consultant teams to access information for the many project components involved in the ongoing environmental management of the TCWR.