Filtration and cake washing are affected by many variables. For example, in terms of the particles, the amount of solids, size, shape, particle density, compressibility of the solids, zeta potential and other ionic forces, agglomeration of the particles due to internal bonding and forces, etc. all impact the filtration flux rate and washing rate. Two particles of the same size, may behave differently if one is flat in shape while the other is irregularly shaped. In terms of the liquid, there are also characteristics that impact the filtration and washing rates such as temperature, viscosity, density, pH, components of the liquid, chemical additions (flocculants, coagulants, etc.), polar/non-polar constituents, the interaction of the solids and liquids, etc. Once again, a small change in the liquid, can have a dramatic impact on the rates.
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