Taylorism, Fordism, Toyotism, or the History of Capitalist Rationalization of Labor

摘要

@@The history of capitalist rationalization of labor is the history of capitalist ways ofraising exploitation of workers. In the first book of Capital, Marx devotes many pages tothese policies of employers for increasing surplus value.It is interesting to note that Fredefick Winslow Taylor took up the reflection whereMarx left it, but in the service of employers. He decomposed labor into tasks (as thedivision of labor of the manufacture had done before him) and the task into gestures. Eachone of those gestures was then analyzed. Implicitly, he then decomposed the latter and inparticular the time each gesture represented into three categories, which were to be essentialfor every rationalization of labor: